Overview

Vanadium is a metal used in steels and other alloys. People are commonly exposed to vanadium in water and food. Excessive exposure can be toxic during pregnancy and childhood.

State, National, and Health Guidelines for Drinking Water

EWG Health Guideline: 21 ppb

The EWG Health Guideline of 21 ppb for vanadium was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a benchmark for testing under the Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule program. This health guideline protects against change in blood chemistry.

ppb = parts per billion

National Standard Exists

Health Concerns:

Change in blood chemistry
Harm to reproduction and child development

Want to remove
Vanadium from your water?

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Vanadium around the Country

	UTILITIES REPORTING ABOVE HEALTH GUIDELINES		UTILITIES WITH CONTAMINATION
State	Utilities	People Served	Utilities	People Served
California		15	257,896		1,026	64,263,185
Texas		0	0		685	21,296,595
Florida		0	0		277	17,572,521
Illinois		0	0		427	9,064,907
Ohio		0	0		222	7,682,990
Washington		0	0		187	7,261,650
New York		0	0		187	7,146,120
North Carolina		0	0		296	6,418,312
Georgia		0	0		129	6,234,461
Arizona		0	0		90	6,032,089
New Jersey		0	0		127	5,912,663
Virginia		0	0		121	5,308,136
Michigan		0	0		159	5,281,807
Tennessee		0	0		138	5,229,576
Colorado		0	0		180	5,112,568
Maryland		0	0		37	4,434,524
Alabama		0	0		160	4,132,939
Pennsylvania		0	0		133	4,108,655
Missouri		0	0		125	3,725,544
Kentucky		0	0		128	3,250,132
Massachusetts		0	0		115	3,102,539
South Carolina		0	0		145	3,045,205
Louisiana		0	0		95	2,963,391
Oregon		0	0		85	2,949,686
Nevada		0	0		19	2,890,122
Wisconsin		0	0		91	2,773,717
Utah		0	0		72	2,752,297
Oklahoma		1	22,498		152	2,597,658
Connecticut		0	0		56	2,350,776
Indiana		0	0		64	2,143,728
Kansas		0	0		110	2,003,031
Minnesota		0	0		45	1,762,874
Arkansas		0	0		110	1,707,396
Iowa		0	0		172	1,672,441
New Mexico		0	0		33	1,399,003
Hawaii		3	41,931		24	1,343,138
Nebraska		0	0		38	1,211,371
Idaho		0	0		26	1,000,256
Rhode Island		0	0		27	947,306
Mississippi		0	0		33	817,405
District Of Columbia		0	0		4	667,325
South Dakota		0	0		101	586,365
West Virginia		0	0		39	554,393
Delaware		0	0		13	549,468
North Dakota		0	0		17	439,817
Montana		0	0		45	417,768
Alaska		0	0		12	318,302
New Hampshire		0	0		25	304,024
Wyoming		0	0		38	268,317
Maine		0	0		9	151,997
Vermont		0	0		19	38,222

SHOW LESS

Utilities with the highest amounts of vanadium, 2013-2023

ALL UTILITIES

LARGE UTILITIES

Utility	Location	Tests	Average level	People served
High Desert Detention Center	San Bernardino, CA	10 of 10	93.1 ppb	1,400
Monson Water System	Sultana, CA	1 of 1	73.0 ppb	152
Yettem Water System	Visalia, CA	2 of 2	66.5 ppb	350
Kern Valley State Prison	Delano, CA	4 of 4	61.5 ppb	5,000
Waikoloa	Waikoloa, HI	6 of 6	59.8 ppb	12,100
North Kona*	Hilo, HI	26 of 26	58.0 ppb	29,581
Keopu Water Association	Holualoa, HI	26 of 26	58.0 ppb	250
SBNDO County Service Area 70J	San Bernardino, CA	13 of 14	57.9 ppb	12,721
Seville Water Company	Visalia, CA	2 of 2	51.5 ppb	691
Yukon	Yukon, OK	4 of 4	50.2 ppb	22,498
Sultana Community Services District	Sultana, CA	3 of 3	48.7 ppb	779
Victorville Water District	Victorville, CA	216 of 216	47.0 ppb	124,653
City of Kingsburg	Kingsburg, CA	23 of 23	46.1 ppb	12,380
City of Dinuba	Dinuba, CA	4 of 4	44.8 ppb	26,913
City of Ripon	Ripon, CA	11 of 11	44.0 ppb	15,979
City of Modesto, Salida	Modesto, CA	10 of 10	44.0 ppb	14,537
City of Kerman	Kerman, CA	16 of 16	43.6 ppb	16,995
City of Reedley	Reedley, CA	20 of 20	43.5 ppb	25,227
Spring Creek Estates Public Water System	Stockton, CA	2 of 2	42.5 ppb	119
City Of Modesto - Del Rio	Modesto, CA	1 of 1	42.0 ppb	1,327
Pilot Rock, City of	Pilot Rock, OR	6 of 6	40.1 ppb	1,326
Arvin Community Services District	Arvin, CA	11 of 11	39.6 ppb	19,669
City of Turlock*	Turlock, CA	20 of 20	38.8 ppb	72,682
City Of Modesto - Central Turlock	Modesto, CA	20 of 20	38.8 ppb	119
Mustang	Mustang, OK	10 of 11	38.7 ppb	18,576
Rio Linda/Alverta Community Water District	Rio Linda, CA	24 of 24	38.5 ppb	15,404
Riverdale Park Tract Community Services District	Modesto, CA	1 of 1	36.0 ppb	610
Moore	Moore, OK	31 of 31	35.1 ppb	55,083
Oasis Investments	Turlock, CA	7 of 7	34.9 ppb	75
Landale Mutual Water Company	Lancaster, CA	1 of 1	34.2 ppb	571
Waipio Heights	Honolulu, HI	6 of 6	34.0 ppb	11,516
China Lake Naval Air Weapons Station	China Lake, CA	12 of 12	33.6 ppb	4,800
City of Midland	Midland, TX	12 of 12	33.3 ppb	142,344
California State University Fresno	Fresno, CA	8 of 8	32.6 ppb	1,000
Del Rio East Homeowners Association Water System	Modesto, CA	2 of 2	32.5 ppb	110
Pixley Public Utility District	Pixley, CA	1 of 1	32.0 ppb	2,772
Fairway Estates Public Water System Csa-18	Stockton, CA	2 of 2	31.5 ppb	149
Waialua	Honolulu, HI	4 of 4	31.0 ppb	9,996
City of Manteca	Manteca, CA	101 of 101	30.3 ppb	84,625
Villa Cerezos	Los Altos, CA	2 of 2	30.0 ppb	200
Mililani	Honolulu, HI	8 of 8	29.7 ppb	50,573
Hawaiian Shores	Pahoa, HI	4 of 4	29.5 ppb	1,360
San Joaquin County-raymus Village	Stockton, CA	4 of 4	29.5 ppb	1,086
City of Atwater	Atwater, CA	19 of 19	29.4 ppb	29,479
Portales Water System*	Portales, NM	8 of 8	29.4 ppb	14,284
Roosevelt County Water Users Association	Portales, NM	8 of 8	29.4 ppb	4,680
Lemon Cove Water Company	Lemon Cove, CA	1 of 1	29.0 ppb	109
Del Dios Mutual Water Company	Escondido, CA	3 of 3	28.9 ppb	330
Rancho California Water District*	Temecula, CA	90 of 96	28.4 ppb	144,088
Tull Water	Malvern, AR	8 of 8	28.4 ppb	1,987

* This water utility supplies finished drinking water to at least one other water utility. The purchasing utility is not required to test for or report Vanadium, but it likely has the contaminant in its water supply.

Utility	Location	Tests	Average level	People served
Waikoloa	Waikoloa, HI	6 of 6	59.8 ppb	12,100
North Kona*	Hilo, HI	26 of 26	58.0 ppb	29,581
SBNDO County Service Area 70J	San Bernardino, CA	13 of 14	57.9 ppb	12,721
Yukon	Yukon, OK	4 of 4	50.2 ppb	22,498
Victorville Water District	Victorville, CA	216 of 216	47.0 ppb	124,653
City of Kingsburg	Kingsburg, CA	23 of 23	46.1 ppb	12,380
City of Dinuba	Dinuba, CA	4 of 4	44.8 ppb	26,913
City of Ripon	Ripon, CA	11 of 11	44.0 ppb	15,979
City of Modesto, Salida	Modesto, CA	10 of 10	44.0 ppb	14,537
City of Kerman	Kerman, CA	16 of 16	43.6 ppb	16,995
City of Reedley	Reedley, CA	20 of 20	43.5 ppb	25,227
Arvin Community Services District	Arvin, CA	11 of 11	39.6 ppb	19,669
City of Turlock*	Turlock, CA	20 of 20	38.8 ppb	72,682
Mustang	Mustang, OK	10 of 11	38.7 ppb	18,576
Rio Linda/Alverta Community Water District	Rio Linda, CA	24 of 24	38.5 ppb	15,404
Moore	Moore, OK	31 of 31	35.1 ppb	55,083
Waipio Heights	Honolulu, HI	6 of 6	34.0 ppb	11,516
City of Midland	Midland, TX	12 of 12	33.3 ppb	142,344
City of Manteca	Manteca, CA	101 of 101	30.3 ppb	84,625
Mililani	Honolulu, HI	8 of 8	29.7 ppb	50,573
City of Atwater	Atwater, CA	19 of 19	29.4 ppb	29,479
Portales Water System*	Portales, NM	8 of 8	29.4 ppb	14,284
Rancho California Water District*	Temecula, CA	90 of 96	28.4 ppb	144,088
Hobbs Municipal Water Supply	Hobbs, NM	20 of 20	28.4 ppb	39,700
City of Buckeye Sonora - Sundance	Buckeye, AZ	8 of 8	28.3 ppb	15,783
City of McFarland	Mcfarland, CA	15 of 15	28.2 ppb	15,506
Waipahu-Ewa-Waianae	Honolulu, HI	41 of 41	28.2 ppb	217,479
City of Delano	Delano, CA	48 of 50	28.1 ppb	51,428
Kalaheo-Koloa	Lihue, HI	32 of 32	27.8 ppb	12,660
City of Loma Linda	Loma Linda, CA	64 of 64	27.7 ppb	24,791
Schofield Barracks*	Schofield Barracks, HI	4 of 4	27.3 ppb	37,920
Norman*	Norman, OK	80 of 80	26.9 ppb	100,939
Wahiawa*	Honolulu, HI	6 of 6	25.8 ppb	23,348
Epcor Water New Mexico Inc Clovis	Clovis, NM	30 of 30	25.5 ppb	41,066
Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam*	Jbpph, HI	12 of 12	25.1 ppb	65,230
City of Lodi*	Lodi, CA	97 of 101	24.3 ppb	68,272
City of Clovis	Clovis, CA	74 of 77	23.9 ppb	125,722
City of Ceres*	Ceres, CA	30 of 30	23.5 ppb	48,706
City of Tulare*	Tulare, CA	81 of 82	23.5 ppb	70,733
City of Edmond - Arcadia Lake*	Edmond, OK	87 of 87	23.5 ppb	79,408
Coachella Water Authority*	Coachella, CA	24 of 24	23.5 ppb	42,554
South Mesa Water Company*	Calimesa, CA	16 of 16	23.5 ppb	10,061
City of Lindsay	Lindsay, CA	14 of 14	23.3 ppb	12,659
City Of Rio Vista	Rio Vista, CA	8 of 13	22.8 ppb	10,489
City of Exeter	Exeter, CA	14 of 14	22.6 ppb	11,169
City of Riverbank	Riverbank, CA	39 of 39	22.1 ppb	24,834
City of Merced	Merced, CA	43 of 43	21.9 ppb	92,058
Camrosa Water District	Camarillo, CA	32 of 33	21.8 ppb	32,700
City of Twin Falls	Twin Falls, ID	16 of 16	21.8 ppb	50,197
California American Water Company - Antelope	Sacramento, CA	72 of 72	21.7 ppb	35,204

EWG’s Tap
Water Database

Nitrate in
Tap Water

CONTAMINANT

Vanadium

STATES DETECTED

50

serves

245 million

utilities detected

6,668

states detected

3

serves

322,000

utilities detected

19

Overview

State, National, and Health Guidelines for Drinking Water

National Standard Exists

Health Concerns:

Want to remove
Vanadium from your water?

Vanadium around the Country

Utilities with the highest amounts of vanadium, 2013-2023

Know the Standards

Take Action

Need help finding a filter?

We’re in this together

Protect your water

EWG’s TapWater Database

CONTAMINANT

Vanadium

STATES DETECTED

50

serves

245 million

utilities detected

6,668

states detected

3

serves

322,000

utilities detected

19

Overview

State, National, and Health Guidelines for Drinking Water

National Standard Exists

Health Concerns:

Want to removeVanadium from your water?

Vanadium around the Country

Utilities with the highest amounts of vanadium, 2013-2023

Know the Standards

Take Action

Need help finding a filter?

We’re in this together

Protect your water

EWG’s Tap
Water Database

Want to remove
Vanadium from your water?